Angina Pectoris Overview
A concise summary of angina pectoris covering its definition, causes, types, pathophysiology, symptoms, and management strategies.
Study this lessonRelativisme et Vérités Éternelles
18 cardsAnalyse philosophique du relativisme d'Héraclite et Cratyle, du paradoxe de Zénon, contrebalancé par les arguments de Socrate et Platon sur les vérités absolues et les mathématiques comme fondement de la pensée.
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Review
Spaced repetition shows you each card at the optimal time for long-term memorization, with increasingly spaced reviews.
QuestionFlip the card
What is Heraclitus's thesis of universal mobilism?
Answer
Heraclitus's thesis of universal mobilism states that nothing remains the same, famously illustrated by the saying that one never steps into the same river twice.
QuestionFlip the card
According to Protagoras, why is everything relative?
Answer
According to Protagoras, everything is relative because reality is in constant change.
QuestionFlip the card
How did Cratylus believe speaking about things affected their truthfulness?
Answer
For Cratylus, speaking about something made it false because it had already changed by the time it was spoken of.
QuestionFlip the card
What paradox did Zeno propose regarding the impossibility of science?
Answer
Zeno's paradox states science is impossible because what we know, we don't seek; what we don't know, we cannot seek.
QuestionFlip the card
What philosophical concept did Socrates and Platon argue against?
Answer
Socrates and Plato argued against relativism, positing the existence of absolute truths and perfect ideas.
QuestionFlip the card
How did Platon believe mathematics aids philosophy?
Answer
Mathematics aids philosophy by teaching us to grasp abstract notions, not just sensory observations, like the concept of a triangle.
QuestionFlip the card
What is Aristote's Principle of Identity?
Answer
Aristotle's Principle of Identity states that a thing is what it is (A = A), meaning a cat must be called a cat.
QuestionFlip the card
What does Platon's allegory of the cave illustrate?
Answer
It illustrates that people are prisoners of ignorance, mistaking shadows for reality and true ideas for mere observations.
QuestionFlip the card
According to Aristote, what is the principle of non-contradiction?
Answer
It states that one cannot affirm and deny the same thing simultaneously.
QuestionFlip the card
What example did Socrates and Platon use to show the falsity of relativism?
Answer
They used the liar paradox: "I am a liar, everything I say is false." This statement is true, therefore it is false.
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Test your understanding
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Which philosopher is associated with the thesis of universal mobilism, stating that 'one never bathes twice in the same river'?
The Paradox of Zeno suggests that science is impossible for what reason?
According to Cratyle, why does something become false the moment it is spoken?
Who claimed that relativism is false, using the 'Paradox of the Liar' as an example?
According to Aristotle, what does the Principle of Identity state?
Who stated that 'everything is relative because reality is constantly changing'?
Aristote's principle of non-contradiction states that one cannot do what at the same time?
Platon believed that mathematics helps philosophy by teaching us to grasp what?
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